Abell 30 (Eddie Bagwell)

Abell 30

PK 208+33.1
PN G208.5+33.2

A planetary nebula inside a planetary nebula!

Abell 30 is a planetary nebula that was discovered in 1964 and is formed in the late stage of the evolution of a sun-like star. After having steadily produced energy for several billion years through the nuclear fusion of Hydrogen into Helium in its central region, or core, the star undergoes a series of energy crises related to the depletion of Hydrogen and subsequent contraction of the core. These crises culminate in the star expanding a hundred-fold to become a Red Giant.

In rare cases such as Abell 30, nuclear fusion reactions in the region surrounding the star’s core heat the outer envelope of the star so much that it temporarily becomes a red giant again. The sequence of events -- envelope ejection followed by a fast stellar wind -- is repeated on a much faster scale than before, and a small-scale planetary nebula is created inside the original one. In a sense, the planetary nebula is reborn.

So, what astronomers think happened here is that the dying star was reborn for a brief time. During the red giant stage, right above the core are layers of oxygen and carbon, then helium above that, and a very thin shell of hydrogen above that. The heat from below causes the hydrogen to fuse at a furious rate, creating more helium that drops down below the hydrogen. If enough helium builds up, it fuses into carbon and oxygen, and this creates a vast amount of energy very rapidly. It’s nearly an explosion, but astronomers call this a very late thermal pulse.

Also in the image are Galaxies IC 2407 and IC 2408 to the right. And Galaxies IC 2398 and IC 2397 to the north.

It's good to be imaging again after a solid month of cloudy nights.
Thanks, Eddie

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Status	Advanced success
Started	...
Astrometry.net job	7369165
PixInsight job	21T83HI3FI3U0G600CQCL6EKREGXY5RF
PixInsight queue size	n/a
PixInsight stage	TASK_LOG

RA (center)	08h46m53s.65
RA (top/left)	08h44m38s.20
RA (top/right)	08h48m04s.65
RA (bottom/right)	08h49m09s.36
RA (bottom/left)	08h45m42s.28

Dec (center)	+17°52′46″.0
Dec (top/left)	+17°46′53″.1
Dec (top/right)	+17°24′39″.8
Dec (bottom/right)	+17°58′32″.1
Dec (bottom/left)	+18°20′50″.6

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